The Beyond Tomorrow Podcast with Julian Issa

Are we living in a simulation?

Dr. Roman Yampolskiy explains how scientists run experiments inside simulations, why boxing AI may not hold, and what it would mean if AI breaks out of its safe environment, or if humanity escapes its own.
Watch the full episode here: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2R7oKzVSOWTR5079TYrZsg?si=7fd6c78a016a4b67

What happens when millions of people hand their lives to AI agents, and nobody has built the rules of the road?

This episode is brought to you by AgelessRx, where aging becomes a puzzle that can be solved. The mission is to help you live longer and healthier by adding more life to your years through science-backed solutions and personalized care. Learn more at agelessrx.com/beyond-tomorrow.

MIT Media Lab professor Ramesh Raskar argues the real danger isn't the AI engine, it's agents with no governance. His case: decentralize AI so billions of people run their own agents, and build the licences, inspections and audit trails agents need, instead of trusting a few labs to make the engine safe. His P(doom) has fallen from 90% to under 10%.

The conversation covers what an AI agent actually is, personal agents like Dot, Muse, Instinct and CC, the DRIVE framework for gradually trusting an agent, why there's no such thing as "zero-shot AGI," the OpenAI and Hugging Face incident, prompt injection, and the shift from an attention economy to an intention economy. One question runs through it all: can we get the benefits of AI agents without handing control to a handful of companies, or to the agents themselves? Ramesh's answer: don't just build better engines, build the roads, the rules and the governance.

Key Takeaways
An agent is an LLM in a loop with tools: the LLM is the engine, the agent is the car, the internet is the road.

Build trust with DRIVE (Discover, Request, Instruct, Venture, Execute), and start with reversible tasks, no credit cards.

Decentralized agents shrink the blast radius, which is why Ramesh's P(doom) has dropped sharply.

Cost is the bottleneck: running an agent per user costs far more than serving a social media user, so expect revenue-share deals.

Prompt injection is the top risk because LLMs can't separate commands from content. Agents need licences, inspection stickers and audit trails.

About Ramesh Raskar
Ramesh Raskar is a professor at the MIT Media Lab, where he works on decentralized AI and the Internet of Agents. His research focuses on how personal AI agents can be built so power stays distributed instead of concentrated in a few companies.

⏱ Timestamps
00:00  Intro
00:00 Why AI Is Moving So Fast: The Intelligence Economy
01:27 What Is an AI Agent, Really?
04:00 Ramesh's P(Doom) Update
05:46 Is Decentralized AI Safer Than Centralized AI?
09:54 How to Use Personal AI Agents (Dot, Muse, Instinct)
13:35 Will AI Agents Become the New Super App?
17:44 The Agentic Web Explained
20:14 Can Personal Superintelligence Exist?
25:17 A Model That Learns How to Learn Everything
29:19 AI Literacy: What to Do If You're Not Using AI
31:16 From OpenClaw to Muse
36:25 It's Not About Bigger Models, It's About Better Agents
37:51 Road Safety Rules for AI Agents
42:58 What a Safe Agentic World Looks Like
44:23 Surfing the Web With AI Agents
48:44 Voice, Screens or Taps? The Future of Agent Interfaces
50:05 Where Will AI Agents Be in One Year?
53:00 The Best Advice on Agent Autonomy
55:12 The Best Things AI Agents Can Do Today
57:12 Prompt Injection: The Command vs Content Problem
01:03:35 If Tomorrow was Your Last Day...

Resources & Mentions
Muse (Meta): https://muse.ai 
Dots (OpenAI): https://siliconangle.com/2026/09/29/openai-launches-dots-always-on-ai-agents-in-chatgpt-with-their-own-cloud-computers/ 
OpenClaw: https://openclaw.ai 
Hermes Agent (Nous Research): https://hermes-agent.nousresearch.com/docs/ 

Connect with Ramesh: 
LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/raskar   
MIT Media Lab: https://www.media.mit.edu/people/raskar/overview/ 

Connect with Julian
Instagram: @thebeyondtomorrowpodcast / @juliankissa
LinkedIn: julian-issa
X: @juliankissa
Website: www.beyondtomorrowpodcast.com 
Email: bookings@beyondtomorrowpodcast.com 

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AI safety researcher Roman Yampolskiy breaks down his P(doom) estimate and why he believes artificial superintelligence could be a death sentence for humanity if development keeps moving this fast. His warning isn't anti-AI — it's a case for keeping AI as a tool we control, not a replacement for human judgment.

Watch the full episode: https://open.spotify.com/episode/2R7oKzVSOWTR5079TYrZsg?si=302dfca33e9f4c04

Is "AI is dangerous" a warning, or the world's best marketing line?

This episode is brought to you by AgelessRx, where aging becomes a puzzle that can be solved. The mission is to help you live longer and healthier by adding more life to your years through science-backed solutions and personalized care. Learn more at agelessrx.com/beyond-tomorrow.

On this episode of Beyond Tomorrow, I sit down with Thore Graepel, co-creator of AlphaGo and former researcher at Google DeepMind. I asked him straight up how close we are to superintelligence, and his answer surprised me: there won't be a single moment we can point to, and he argues human organizations like companies already count as a form of superintelligence. We get into why he thinks "AI will destroy humanity" is the biggest myth in the field, the near-term risks he does take seriously, and why I pushed him on the incentives behind the AI safety messaging coming from the labs.

From there we go deep on his core technical argument: that today's transformers are black boxes that mix knowledge and reasoning in the same weights, and that scaling alone will never make them trustworthy. He lays out a different approach built on explicit beliefs, hypotheses and evidence, and I found it one of the clearest explanations of AI transparency I've heard. In the back half, we talk about his time at Altos Labs, why biology is a reality check for the "cure all disease in 10 years" claims, and his cell annealing theory of rejuvenation.

Key Takeaways
Thore sees AI progress as a "jagged frontier," not a single superintelligence moment, and by his own definition, AGI is already here

He argues companies and institutions are already a form of superintelligence

His P(doom) is very low: extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence, and he doesn't see it

About Thore Graepel
Thore Graepel is a computer scientist and AI researcher who recently left Google DeepMind, where he was a co-creator of AlphaGo and worked on multi-agent systems, reasoning and consciousness research. He has also spent time at Altos Labs, applying his machine learning and physics background to cellular rejuvenation, and writes about AI, reasoning and safety on Substack.

⏱ Timestamps
00:00  Intro
00:06 How Close Are We to Superintelligence?
01:42 Are Human Organizations Already Superintelligent?
02:56 Is Anyone Trying to Destroy Humanity?
04:45 Near-Term Risks: Jobs and the Economy
08:08 Why the Transition Will Be Hard
10:06 Post-AGI Planning and the Case for Positive Futures
14:35 Capability vs. Diffusion: The Train Driver Problem
16:46 Optimization vs. Game Theory
18:53 The Incentives Behind AI Safety Messaging
22:26 What Is Thore's P(doom)?
23:25 Why Transformers Are Black Boxes
29:19 How Do We Build Safer, More Transparent AI?
33:01 Separating Knowledge From Reasoning
37:39 Safety vs. Capability and the Trust Ceiling
39:45 Narrow AI vs. General AI
44:02 Do You Believe in God?
47:15 Consciousness and Whether LLMs Are Alive
51:08 AlphaGo and Move 37
58:29 Credit Assignment and Moral Reasoning
01:04:31 Who Sets the Moral Guardrails?
01:09:37 The AGI Race: US vs. China
01:11:53 Longevity and Altos Labs
01:16:01 The Biology Reality Check
01:23:04 Pockets of Computability and AlphaFold
01:26:05 Yamanaka Factors and Cell Annealing
01:35:51 Will the Singularity Happen in Your Lifetime?
01:36:49 Rapid Fire Questions with Thore
01:41:35 Thore's Best Piece of Advice

Resources & Mentions
AlphaGo and AlphaFold (Google DeepMind)
Thinking, Fast and Slow by Daniel Kahneman
Altos Labs
Stephen Wolfram's "pockets of computability"
David Deutsch on simulation and the limits of experiment
Thore's Substack 

Connect with Thore: 
Github: https://thoregraepel.github.io/ 
LinkedIn: https://uk.linkedin.com/in/thoregraepel 
X: https://x.com/ThoreG 

Connect with Julian
Instagram: @thebeyondtomorrowpodcast / @juliankissa
LinkedIn: julian-issa
X: @juliankissa
Website: www.beyondtomorrowpodcast.com 
Email: bookings@beyondtomorrowpodcast.com

What if vanity was actually the smart way into a longer, healthier life?
This episode is brought to you by AgelessRx, where aging becomes a puzzle that can be solved. Their mission is to help you live longer and healthier by adding more life to your years through science-backed solutions and personalized care. Learn more at agelessrx.com/beyond-tomorrow.

On this episode of Beyond Tomorrow, Dr. Mike Israetel breaks down what's actually happening in his own bloodstream: 5mg/week of tirzepatide year-round, plus retatrutide during fat-loss phases, and why he thinks “GLP-2” is a gray-market marketing term with no basis in real receptor biology.
He walks through the non-weight-loss case for these drugs, reduced systemic and neural inflammation, better glucose control, emerging anti-cancer data, and a documented drop in addictive behaviors from gambling to alcohol to cigarettes, before getting honest about the tradeoffs: undernutrition, anhedonia, and a long-term data set that, by his own admission, will never be “complete enough” for some critics.
From there the conversation moves into gray-market peptides, why Mike separates his own risk tolerance from what he'd recommend to the public, and why there currently isn't a single peptide he'd recommend for muscle growth despite the demand. The back half covers his real thesis: that appearance, not health, is the most reliable motivator most people actually respond to and that chasing it tends to produce the same outcomes doctors have failed for decades to sell through fear.
Key Takeaways
Mike takes tirzepatide (Zepbound/Mounjaro) year-round at 5mg/week and adds retatrutide during cutting phases, both well within studied dose ranges
He argues most GLP-1 “anhedonia” is caloric-deficit anhedonia, not a direct drug effect, the same thing bodybuilders experience on any aggressive diet
New aggregate mortality data shows older adults on GLP-1s die less than those who aren't, which he says partially answers the “but will it kill you later” question
There is currently no peptide he'd recommend for muscle growth, a claim he says consistently disappoints people who ask
His core argument: use appearance as the entry point (build muscle, lose fat, sleep better) and let the longevity benefits follow, rather than trying to motivate people with 30-years-out health outcomes
Timestamps
00:00 Intro
00:10 Is GLP-1 a Bad Idea?
08:55 The Seatbelt Analogy for Drugs
10:30 The Peptide That's Not FDA-Approved Yet
11:30 Exactly What Mike Takes Every Week
13:59 Stacking Peptides: an N-of-1 Experiment
15:11 Why Mike Takes Anabolic Steroids
16:42 The Drug That Could Replace Steroids
18:48 Why Mike Takes Tirzepatide and Retatrutide
21:45 20-Year Life Extension
25:34 Mike's Full Daily Stack
30:47 The Looksmaxxing Trojan Horse
35:35 Sick Care vs. Health Care
38:14 Three Exercises You Can Do Today
40:36 Critiquing Brian Johnson's Protocol
43:31 Is There a One-Size-Fits-All Workout?
46:06 Zone 2 vs. Zone 5 Training
52:21 Why Most Biohacking Is a Waste of Money
54:01 Is HIIT Still the Rage?
57:09 Escaping Poverty, Fueling Success
01:04:53 Why People Take Extreme Measures to Look Good
01:08:24 Moving Past GLP-1
01:14:52 Everyone Will Look 22 by 2037
01:18:24 Would You Date a 90-Year-Old?
01:24:52 Beauty Standards in a Post-GLP-1 World
01:25:37 The Cybernetic Revolution
01:28:25 Living Forever in a Robot Body
01:36:29 Will AI Cause Human Extinction?
01:43:28 The Biggest Myth About Weight Loss
01:44:02 Rapid Fire Questions with Mike
01:48:06 Mike's Best Piece of Advice
Connect with Mike:
Website: rpstrength.com/
Facebook: facebook.com/michael.israetel
Instagram: @drmikeisraetel
X: @misraetel
Connect with Julian
Instagram: @thebeyondtomorrowpodcast / @juliankissa
LinkedIn: julian-issa
X: @juliankissa
Website: www.beyondtomorrowpodcast.com
Email: bookings@beyondtomorrowpodcast.com